Hawai‘i’s unusual “wild” life: The story behind the free-roaming chickens, turkeys, and goats
When people think of Hawai‘i’s wildlife, they often picture vibrant fish, sea turtles, or humpback whales. But beyond the shores and rainforests, an unexpected cast of animals freely roam the islands: chickens, turkeys, and goats.
These non-native creatures have become a quirky and integral part of Hawai‘i’s landscape, fascinating visitors and frustrating locals in equal measure.
The origins of Hawai‘i’s free-roaming animals
Many of the wild chickens, turkeys, and goats you see today in Hawai‘i didn’t always exist here. Each species has a unique backstory tied to the islands' rich history:
Chickens: The wild chickens of Hawai‘i, particularly on Kaua‘i, are believed to be a mix of ancient Polynesian fowl and domesticated chickens that escaped during hurricanes like Iwa (1982) and Iniki (1992). With no natural predators to keep their numbers in check, these colorful birds have flourished, charming tourists and sometimes annoying residents.
Turkeys: Brought to Hawai‘i in the early 19th century as a food source, wild turkeys now thrive in areas like the Big Island’s Parker Ranch and the forests of Maui. They are often spotted in open fields or near hiking trails, sometimes even causing traffic delays as they strut across the road.
You might see wild turkeys around Vista Waikoloa. Please stay clear of them and keep kids away — they are not tame.
Goats: Introduced by Captain James Cook in 1778, goats were initially brought for sustenance. Without many natural predators, their population exploded, leading to ecological concerns. Today, you can see them in rugged landscapes such as Mauna Kea’s slopes or the cliffs of Moloka‘i, where they skillfully navigate rocky terrain.
You might see wild goats along the roadside of Waikoloa Beach and along Highway 19. Stay alert when driving to avoid them (they don’t have any street smarts).
Why it matters: the ecological and cultural impact
These animals, while amusing and photogenic, have had a significant impact on Hawai‘i’s environment:
Ecological disruption: Goats, in particular, are known for their voracious appetites, which contribute to soil erosion and the destruction of native plant life. Similarly, chickens and turkeys scratch up landscapes, sometimes disturbing native ecosystems.
Cultural presence: The feral chickens, often referred to as “moa,” have deep roots in Hawaiian culture. Ancient Hawaiians valued them for their eggs and used their feathers in traditional garments. Today, they remain a symbol of resilience.
Tourist attraction: Many visitors find the sight of wild chickens and turkeys entertaining, and social media is filled with snapshots of these feathered islanders.
“Hawai‘i’s wild chickens, turkeys, and goats are more than just island oddities — they are living reminders of the past, shaping the present-day landscape in ways both charming and challenging.”
How to interact with Hawai‘i’s wild animals (respectfully)
While it may be tempting to feed or get too close to these animals, it’s best to admire them from a distance. Here are a few simple guidelines:
Do not feed them: Feeding encourages dependence on humans and disrupts their natural behaviors.
Drive with caution: Chickens, goats, and turkeys often cross roads unexpectedly, so be mindful when driving.
Respect local concerns: While visitors may find them amusing, many residents see them as nuisances. Be considerate of local attitudes toward these creatures.
Experience Hawai‘i’s unique wildlife for yourself
The Big Island’s free-roaming chickens, turkeys, and goats add an unexpected charm but should be treated with respect and given space.
For more insights on where to find hidden gems and how to experience the best of the islands, check out our other blog posts.
