Anchialine ponds: The Big Island’s hidden ecosystem
The Big Island of Hawai‘i is home to one of the most unique and little-known ecosystems in the world — anchialine ponds. These fascinating pools are brackish water, which is a mix of saltwater and fresh water. They’re found along the island’s coastline and are a vital part of the local environment and support an array of rare and endemic species.
But what exactly are anchialine ponds? And why should you make sure to include visiting them when you stroll near our condo? We’re glad you asked. ;-)
What are anchialine ponds?
Anchialine ponds are landlocked bodies of water with a subterranean connection to both fresh water and the ocean. Unlike traditional ponds, these pools experience tidal fluctuations without any direct surface connection to the sea. This unique mix of freshwater and saltwater creates a delicate brackish ecosystem that supports an incredible diversity of life.
Hawai‘i has the largest concentration of anchialine ponds in the United States, with the majority found on the Big Island. These pools have been part of the island’s natural and cultural landscape for centuries, and they continue to play a crucial role in maintaining biodiversity.
Why are they important?
Anchialine ponds are home to a variety of rare and endemic species, many of which cannot be found anywhere else in the world. One of the most iconic inhabitants of these pools is the tiny red ‘ōpae‘ula (Hawaiian shrimp). These small, hardy crustaceans help maintain the health of the ponds by feeding on algae and organic debris, keeping the water clear and balanced.
Beyond their ecological importance, anchialine ponds have deep cultural significance for Native Hawaiians. Historically, they were used for aquaculture and were considered sacred in many traditions. Today, these ponds serve as a living reminder of Hawai‘i’s ancient connection to the land and sea.
“The delicate balance of life within anchialine ponds is a testament to nature’s resilience and the importance of protecting Hawai‘i’s unique ecosystems.”
Where to find anchialine ponds on the Big Island
If you’re eager to explore these hidden gems, here are some of the best spots on the Big Island to visit anchialine ponds — the first of which is just a short stroll from our condo:
1. Waikoloa Anchialine Pond Preservation Area
Nestled within the Waikoloa Beach Resort, this area protects a series of anchialine ponds that serve as a refuge for ‘ōpae‘ula and other native species. Informational signs along the walking path provide insight into the ecosystem and its importance. You’ll find these ponds surrounding the Marriott and Hilton resorts, with walking paths through them so you can get an up-close look.
Watch for:
Eels, which we often see under the bridge crossing the ponds at the north end of A-bay beach.
Cats, which live in abundance among the rocks. These cats are typically feral and many have clipped ears, indicating they have been sterilized. Please, don’t feed the cats. Volunteers do look after their health and well-being.
Uneven ground, which could cause a tripping hazard while you’re walking around the ponds.
2. Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park
Located just north of Kailua-Kona, this park is home to an extensive network of anchialine ponds. In addition to exploring these unique water features, visitors can also learn about ancient Hawaiian fishponds, petroglyphs, and traditional settlements.
How to respect and protect anchialine ponds
Because these ecosystems are fragile and easily disrupted, it’s important to interact with them responsibly. Here’s how you can help protect Hawai‘i’s anchialine ponds:
Do not touch or enter the ponds. Even small amounts of sunscreen, lotions, or bug sprays can harm the delicate balance of the water.
Stay on designated paths and avoid stepping near the edges. The surrounding lava rock and soil are crucial to maintaining the integrity of the ecosystem.
Do not feed or disturb the wildlife. The creatures in these ponds, especially the ‘ōpae‘ula, have adapted to survive in nutrient-poor environments and do not need human intervention.
Follow all posted guidelines and signs. Many of these areas are protected and require extra care from visitors.
The Big Island offers so many little-known and hidden gems. Incorporating them into your trip will make for a richer, more unique and personal experience. Looking for more must-visit places and our tips and recommendations? We’ve filled this website with ways to make the most of your adventure.
If you’re dreaming of a Big Island getaway, book a stay at Our Hawai‘i Condo — your perfect home base for soaking up the sun, sand, and aloha spirit.
